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Camera manufacturers provide suggestions for device set-up and calibration, although limited information is available on the practical issues that inevitably confront new users of this technology. The Vectra® M3 has been used for evaluating areas around the nose and eyes in the fields of plastic and orthognathic surgery, 8, 19, 20, 21, 22 but it has not yet been used to estimate deviation of the chin area, which is a subject of interest when treating young patients with posterior crossbite.
#Canfield vectra 3d imaging system software#
The esthetic simulation software Face Sculptor® (Canfield Scientific, Parsippany, NJ, USA) and the Vectra® 3D Analysis Module (VAM Canfield Scientific, Parsippany, NJ, USA) can be used when analyzing images. It consists of 3 pods with 2 cameras each, for a total of 6 cameras capturing the face simultaneously. Vectra® M3 is a stationary 3D digital imaging system for the face and neck. 6, 10, 16, 17, 18 However, not many studies have evaluated the accuracy of the Vectra® M3 (3D Imaging System Canfield Scientific, Parsippany, NJ, USA), which is a 3D imaging system for the face and neck that is smaller than the Vectra XT fullbody imaging system, one of the largest 3D imaging systems in the market. The 3dMDface system (3dMD Inc, Atlanta, GA, USA) has been evaluated extensively in the literature.
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13 It has been argued that untreated posterior crossbite, which is a common malocclusion in children, can induce facial asymmetry with positional deviation of the mandible, 14 and consequently, the chin.Įvaluations of lateral deviation of the chin have previously been conducted using 3D computed tomography 15 however, there is an essential need to explore the advantages of systems that do not require ionizing radiation. 11 A pronounced deviation of the chin has been considered less attractive by both laypersons and clinicians, 12 and the perceptive threshold is a chin deviation of 5–6 mm. In orthodontics, 3D camera technology has been used foremost for orthognathic patients who undergo maxillofacial surgery, 7, 8, 9 but it could also be useful for evaluating the outcomes of less extensive orthodontic treatment.įacial asymmetry is common, 10, 11 mostly in the mid-face and the chin. 1, 4 There are different kinds of imaging modalities, and some have been compared before 5, 6 however, as new technologies reach operators, they need to be validated for clinical and research purposes. 3 Because these systems do not require any ionizing radiation, they have been used both to evaluate treatment in infants with cleft lip and palate and to assess healthy newborns. The safety, speed, and reliability of data acquisition that 3D camera systems offer are particularly helpful when working with young children, for whom quantification of facial features can be challenging. 1 Stereophotogrammetry is a technology that uses at least 2 cameras at different angles to capture pictures simultaneously and create a 3-dimensional (3D) image. Methods that enable the objective assessment of facial form are becoming increasingly important for research in dysmorphology, genetics, orthodontics, and surgical disciplines, among others.